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Monday, July 1, 2013

Google celebrates 1048 of the birth of Ibn al-Haytham

 
 
 
Birth and early life

Ibn al-Haytham, born in the city of Basra in Iraq years 354-965 ad, in the era was booming in the Sciences of mathematics, astronomy, medicine and others, worked on the study of geometry, optics and read the books his predecessors from Greece and the world scientists Andalusian Zahrawi and others in this area, he wrote several letters written in those sciences and contributed the main norm-setting, and complete what he has started big world Zahrawi.
 
His most famous work

Landscape (or light)-Eclipse-Lunar Parallax-see planets-alert on the error monitoring-reared with-assets size-columns triangles-cat Holocaust and mirrors-Mirrors Holocaust Chambers-how come the shades-letter in the twilight-explain the origins of Euclid in engineering and the number-the whole of the assets of the account-engineering analysis-analysis of issues of multilateralism. Why alhazen more than 80 books and a letter, offering to the planets and the Moon and celestial bodies and their dimensions.
 
His influence on modern science

Ibn al-Haytham phenomena studied the refraction of light and its reflection in detail, and bucking the old views as theories of Ptolemy, denied that vision by rays emitted from the eye, and laid the fundamentals of eye lenses and explain the full postmortem.
 
His death

Ibn al-Haytham died in Cairo in Egypt year 1038 CE at the age of 73.

Philosophers of ancient Greece and research scientists in the science of light, and not thorough or in-depth research, Euclid went on his research to the eye occur in transparent medium body between them and the fortune-teller rays emit, and the stuff that is this beam insight, which has no insight, and the things that great view angle of insight, and that insight from small angle you see small, and research in the science of light in this Ark without progress or upgrade, even with al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham They corrected these errors, and the science of light strides, which did not inform him before, and not beyond after many centuries later.

Although Ibn al-Haytham's place and research innovations in the science of light, it has remained obscure, unknown to many people, and that they have from God revealing his efforts and evacuated, rest in oblivion, the Arab world was Mustafa clean one of these, he wrote his pioneering study published by the University of Cairo in two volumes, where hectic reading manuscripts of Ibn al Haitham and hundreds of references, even the honest fact that Ibn al-Haytham is the author of foundations of the science of light in the modern sense.
 
Birth and upbringing

Basra was the birth of Abby on al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham (354 e = 965 m), and it grew up and learn, nothing is known about its origins, only that first lived in a prosperous period, where the captains of science in philosophy, medicine, chemistry, mathematics, astronomy, just reached out this science accept them with relentless vigour and determination are not addressed here, read what was under the hands of advanced and retarded wrote, not only to see and read, but meant to RID and memoranda and letters on the topics of science, the workers in this Science, in which the classification so long is his fame, and heard by the Fatimid Caliph al-hakem, hoped for the same use, and increased his desire that brought him what Ibn al-Haytham: "if I worked in Egypt for gaining the benefit gets work in each of the cases of deficiency," Ibn al-Haytham in this period has exceeded the 60-year-old, best known in the Islamic world as a world he views engineering and jurisprudence.
In Cairo

The Governor wished to Ibn al-Haytham to come to Egypt and stability, since him, arrived and asked to perform what about Nile, Hassan went to Aswan with a group of industry professionals in construction work for them to implement his idea that I came up with him, however, to preview the site chosen for the implementation of the project and does not fit with what they thought, and that its implementation is almost impossible, the body building on the Nile at the time beyond the means of his time and beyond his men, al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham returned ashamed to Cairo, and apologized to the Caliph, pretending to accept the excuse, and some governors offices, by Ibn al-Haytham AWE does not desire, and if the Governor to make it fairer in a clique of them scientists in the Dar Al Hikma and its dismissal, it would like to set for this action, which used the life of research and study.

But he took the job was to make it immune to the whims of the Governor's reckless, a Moody, quick and heavy-handed, Ibn al-Haytham feared such fluctuations, and at the same time not able to abandon his work and withdraw; for fear of treachery of the Governor is God, did not find a way to get rid of the only allegation crazy and show to gawk and dementia, since the ruling was so isolated from the Office and confiscated his assets and ordered his detention in his home, and make it serve him, and the world has been intelligent, sad situation So the Governor is God died, re-surfaced and engaging science, Dara settled near Al-Azhar mosque, Cairo established workers with science and classification and copies of old books until he died in (430 e = 1038 m).
 
 
Scientific activity and his discoveries

Ibn al-Haytham was a prolific author-streaming production in various types of knowledge, methods and logic philosophy, medicine, astronomy, optics, mathematics, novel new types of scientific thought, and the number of his compositions as well as composer for 200 messages and other articles, one wonders: how has life for man to compose all of the books in different branches of science, with its precision and abundant science and innovation? But thanks to God he benefits.

Ibn al-Haytham was a in optics nearly twenty-four subject between book and letter and an article, but most of these books have been lost, of the scientific heritage, and what remained of it was annexed by the Istanbul and London libraries and others have recognized the great writing of lost "scenes" which contained innovative theories in the science of light, the main reference for this information until the 17th century after being translated into Latin.

And al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham was the first of Euclid's theory and other error in the light beam emitted from the eye and the Visual pornography, decided to reverse this theory, that ray of light emerges from Visual pornography thing is eyes, and those with experience and seen that ray of light stretch is on a straight line.

Ibn al-Haytham and transparent objects, and is implemented by the light and understands the vision beyond such as air, water, and light if implemented from transparent to translucent sagged on the integrity of another.

Research on diffraction when optical effect in the air surrounding the Earth, the air density in the lower layers greater than in the upper layers, and air does not extend to non-end, but ends at a certain height, if a beam of light passed through these layers of different density, it refracts slowly and gradually bend towards the ground, it follows that the star or planet watching him eye appears in position closer to the real position and noted the resulting error Monitoring and should be corrected.

Al-Hasan ibn al-Haytham described how the vision, and the installation of the eye, and the whole of its parts of the business, was a vision to be the photo video on what we now call "retinal" transition impact through the optic nerve, and seeing one thing though seen two eyes of two images on the same parts of the retina, and dealt with the subject of lenses and enlarge. What is written on this subject clear to use lenses to fix defects in the eye.
 
These efforts have had an impact in advancing the science of light and paper assessment of scientists, as George Sutton, a senior historian of science "is the greatest Muslim physicist, one of the world leading scientists who searched on optics in all the ages", has translated its research in the optics into Latin and Italian, according to Kepler and relied on its research, the bottom line is that Ibn al-Haytham made learnt new tincture, take light and other childhood origins arises first, so its impact on the science of light-like effect in science Mechanics, information on the science of light by Ibn al-Haytham sporadic not linked URL, he searched well, turn in his face was not preceded by a kiss, fix errors and deficiencies, and developed research, invented the new disclosures, or compose of all unit apartment threaded, and established the basis on which it was based--the science of light.

Besides his contributions to geometry, and a fifty-eight authors, including his views and hoped there were issues about innovative Euclid warkhmids without proof or needed to explain and prove. There are libraries in Cairo, London, Paris and Istanbul more than twenty-one susceptibilities of Ibn al-Haytham in this theme, and in the account and the corresponding algebra and a least ten books, there is only a few manuscripts in the library of Atef in Turkey: account transactions, extract numerical issue.

In astronomy, Ibn al-Haytham created and contributed actively to "Ptolemy II", and did not hear back from the legacy of alhazen in the astronomers only about seventeen of twenty-four in order, on the dimensions and sizes of the celestial bodies and how to see them.

And in two books: one in medicine "medical" industry calendar in thirty books read summary of Galen, and other "article in reply to ABI Faraj ' Abd-Allaah ibn al-Tayyib heroes banner where the violation of Galen, and also a letter in the anatomy of the eye and vision.


Its transmission to Europe

Meant Kamal al-Din Ibn al-Haitham Research Persian in optics and studied thoroughly and a type known as "revision corresponding to those with vision and insights, this book knew through Europe a lot about Ibn al-Haytham and his work in the science of light, where the publication of this book as a translator in the Switzerland (980 = 1572), that had been published before the invention of printing by Gerard de Cremona" months translators in Spain, consider creating the largest group of astronomical years (676 e = 1277 m) for scientists The Arabs, these books benefited from Spain and Portugal in the Atlantic Ocean Marine their flights thanks to astronomical alaziag (astronomical tables) and sports information left by Arab scholars.

Through these translations of Ibn al-Haytham's work influenced Roger Bacon John bekam wevitlo in their research, the book of John bekham got only perspective quote less of Ibn al-Haytham's book of optics and either book, read written years (666 = 1270 m) there is a large section of Ibn al-Haytham, and findings.
 
 
 

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Sunday, June 30, 2013

what is a coronavirus. Symptoms and treatment of "corona virus"

 
 
 
 
Full file: what is a coronavirus. Symptoms and treatment of "corona virus"

Corona virus, coronavirus, coronavirus symptoms
Viruses, viruses, successful koruna coronaviruses are a large family of viruses, viruses can cause a range of diseases of humans, ranging from colds to SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome).

And also koruna may infect animals. Most of these viruses affect successful animal species normally, one or a small number of similar animal species among them. However, SARS could infect humans and animals, including monkeys, cats, dogs and rodents.

World Health Organization definition

Corona viruses are platoon platoon includes viruses that may cause a variety of human diseases ranging from common colds and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). It also caused viruses belonging to this species a number of diseases in animals. Given that this type of virus noob, the Organization was working with countries and partners to gather more information and determine its impact on public health.

A patient to be examined (described as "the patient under examination"):

A person infected with severe respiratory disease may be accompanied by fever (≥ 38 ° at the Centennial scale, 100.4 degree Fahrenheit) and cough;
And suspected lung parenchymal inflammatory disease (such as pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome) based on clinical or radiological evidence to prove it;
And travel or residence in an area which reported recently about a new infection with coronavirus, or area may be infection;
And unjustified by any infection other infection or other pathogens, including all clinical trials listed on HIV infection of pneumonia acquired in the community in accordance with the guidelines for the management of infections locally.
 
Management of the patient under examination:

Should patients who fall within this category of routinely available laboratory tests as clinically indicated in accordance with the guidelines on local management of pneumonia infections acquired in the community, to determine the presence of other factors potentially of the initial causes of the inflammation. Other examples might include the etiology of disease, nodular pneumonia, Haemophilus influenzae type b, walvilket pneumophila and other initial known bacterial pneumonia, influenza, respiratory syncytial virus. There is no need to wait for the emergence of all inspection results on other pathogens before check out emerging infections coronavirus. In addition, should not be seen patients who have clear historical record and appearance fit into clinical symptoms of chemical pneumonia or smoke inhalation as patients under examination.

In the absence of justification for the incidence of pneumococcal disease, the necessary clinical specimens should be sent to a lab for examination. Rapid progress has been made in the description of the characteristics of the new coronavirus infection in a sensitive and specific diagnostic tests. And the World Health Organization (who) with partner labs to offer these tests as soon as possible. It is expected that in the coming days, the first instalment of reagents along with necessary information and algorithms test for urgent tests.

Until then, the Organization will be able to provide contact information for laboratories that are willing and able to perform tests to make sure that the new coronavirus infection. For more details, you should contact the national authorities in the respective call centers on the international health regulations and in the regional offices of the organization.

It should be a necessary measures for infection control at the time when the patient is still under examination. If necessary the Member States more guidance on infection prevention and control, please refer to the interim guidelines of the World Health Organization on the prevention and control of acute respiratory infections of epidemic tendency of algaehi during health care (WHO/CDS/EPR/2007.6).
 
New koruna virus (virus is successful)

Have been identified so far to humans this kind of koruna. There is very limited information about the transmission of new Koruna to humans, clinical or clinical effects in humans, because there are few cases of infection.Alpha

A common virus in koruna is all over the world. They cause colds. But the new koruna because virus between April 2012 to March 2013 respiratory disease for thirty-four adults from six countries, namely Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Jordan and the United Kingdom and U.A.E. and France. The symptoms included fever, cough and shortness of breath. Twenty people died among the thirty-four cases. Two injured by a mild respiratory illness, patients recovered completely.

This differs from other successful viruses virus that infected humans, and cause them to disease. This virus also varies on the coronavirus that caused SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) in 2003. But, as is the case with the SARS virus is a new koruna is most similar to the koruna at bats. Researchers are still trying to figure out the source of the virus and how it is spread.

What is the current situation?

Were reported injured 33 people in Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Jordan and the United Kingdom and France and the U.A.E. respiratory illness caused by a virus infection new koruna (successful) in may 2013, eighteen people died among them.

Does not recommend the US Centers for disease control and prevention (CDC) anyone change his travel plan due to these cases, but the person should see a doctor immediately if a fever or symptoms of respiratory illness, such as cough or shortness of breath.

How travelers can protect themselves from HIV infection koruna?

The following procedures may help prevent the spread of germs, cold & flu, it may also prevent other diseases:

Frequent hand washing with SOAP and water. If SOAP and water is not available, you must use an antiseptic hand gel containing alcohol.
Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth, the bacteria move in this way.
Avoid close contact with an infected person.
You must obtain all required vaccines. As medical care provider should be visited by four or six weeks to travel, to get the vaccines.
If a person is infected with a virus new koruna, he must:

That covers his mouth with a tissue when sneezing or coughing, and dispose of the tissue in the trash.
Avoid contact with other people to prevent infection.
 
When a person must visit the health care provider?

A person must visit a healthcare provider if fever, symptoms lower respiratory illness, such as cough or dyspnea, within 10 days of traveling to one of the countries of the Arabian Peninsula or nearby countries.

Information for the doctor

● You must learn the most common causes of respiratory diseases, such as influenza.

• Patients should be evaluated using the following indicators:

People suffering from acute respiratory infection can include fever (over 38 degrees Celsius) and cough.
Suspected disease of the lung tissue (symptoms of pneumonia or acute respiratory distress syndrome based on radiographs on that function).
The story of travel to countries of the Arabian Peninsula or nearby countries within 10 days.

No other reason explains the symptoms, including all medical tests according to the instructions in the country concerned.

● In addition, patients should be evaluated for HIV new koruna in the following cases:

They appeared a patients diseases of the lower respiratory tract, acute within 10 days to leave the Arabian Peninsula, and do not respond to treatment.
They appeared a patients diseases of the lower respiratory tract, they continue on with one of the persons who have fever and acute respiratory diseases within 10 days to leave the Arabian Peninsula.

FAQs on the new coronavirus-latest information

What is the new coronavirus?

This new coronavirus strain have been detected in humans before.

Corona viruses and large species known to cause diseases of humans and animals. They cause human infection by diseases ranging from between common cold infection and severe acute respiratory syndrome. And recently proposed naming of the disease caused by a new coronavirus, coronavirus that causes AIDS Middle East.
 
Where is the corona virus infection occurs emerging?

Several countries in the Middle East of the corona virus infection cases emerging in humans, including Jordan, Qatar and Saudi Arabia and U.A.E.. Three European countries--France and Germany are, United Kingdom – in addition to Tunisia on cases of infection with the virus. And link all the cases that occurred in Europe and Tunisia related to Middle East (directly or indirectly). However saw France and Tunisia and United Kingdom a limited local virus between humans did not travel to the Middle East but had intimate contact with traveling patients recently returned from the Middle East.

The extent of the new coronavirus?

It is not known yet how the spread of the virus. The organization encourages Member States to continue to monitor cases of severe acute respiratory infection closely and review any unusual patterns of infection or pneumonia. The Organization will continue to share information as soon as available.

What are the symptoms of the new coronavirus?

The common symptoms among patients with coronavirus infections emerging respiratory illness severe and accompanied by persistent fever, cough and tightness and breathing difficulties. Most of the patients had pneumonia. There are also many gastrointestinal symptoms, including diarrhea, hit each other with kidney failure. He died almost half of those were new coronavirus. And may appear in immunocompromised persons unusual symptoms of the disease. It is noteworthy that the current understanding of the disease caused by this infection is not based on only a few cases this has changed our understanding more about the virus.

How do people get infected with this virus?

We don't know how people get infected with this virus. And investigations are underway to find out the origin, the types of exposure to HIV infection, ways of transmission and clinical disease patterns and stages.

You can spread the virus from one person to another?

Yes. Now, we have seen several sets of suspected cases in the transmission of the virus from one person to another or moving strongly confirms this. All of these cases occurred in health care facility or between close family members. However do not know the mechanism of transmission of the virus in all of these cases, whether through respiration (e.g. coughing and sneezing) or contact (contaminating the patient).

Is there a vaccine for the new coronavirus?

There is currently no vaccine available against HIV.
 
Is there a treatment of the new coronavirus?

There is no specific treatment for the disease caused by a new coronavirus. Treatment should be based on the patient's symptoms. And supportive care can be very effective.
Is there anything a person can do to avoid virus infection?

Don't know exactly how an individual is infected with the virus. Since you do not know the source of the virus and the way it moves, it is impossible to give specific advice on the prevention of infection. The precautions taken to prevent respiratory illnesses avoid intimate contact, to the extent possible, with anyone showing symptoms of infection (coughing and sneezing), and keep clean hands. Preventive measures include other good meat to avoid eating uncooked or undercooked and unwashed fruits or vegetables, and beverages prepared from non-sterile water. If I got sick while traveling, you should avoid contact with others during intimate contact with your symptoms and to follow the good measures to keep clean the respiratory system, such as coughing or sneezing in the quantum or elbow Muthanna or mask or tissue papers, and throwing paper napkins used immediately after use in a closed trash.

And the chances of contracting the virus, but must meet the following criteria see the doctor as soon as possible: people suffering from breathing difficulties unjustified by any disease or virus who traveled recently to the region of the Middle East; and should accelerate in immunocompromised patients who recently traveled to the Middle East for examination by your physician regardless of the type of disease.

How many people are infected with coronavirus emerging?

Further information can be found on the topic by referring to the following address:
[.

Health workers are at risk of infection with the new coronavirus?

Yes. The virus has moved into health care facilities, including transmission from patients to health care providers. Who recommends that health care professionals in attendance to apply the necessary measures in the field of infection prevention and control. See the following URL:
[.

Does the new coronavirus similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)?

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) virus SK identified in 2003, with a further link to coronavirus. But despite the ability of viruses to infect an individual with severe disease, current information indicates that there are major differences between them. More importantly, the new coronavirus apparently does not move easily between people, while the SARS virus is able to move much more than the corona virus.

Does bat coronavirus emerging source?

This possibility exists, but the source of the virus.

You could infect human animals corona virus infection emerging?

There is currently no evidence that individuals infected with the disease through close contact with animals.
 
Does bat coronavirus emerging source?

This possibility exists, but the source of the virus.

You could infect human animals corona virus infection emerging?

There is currently no evidence that individuals infected with the disease through close contact with animals.

How to respond to the emergence of the new coronavirus?

Since the emergence of the virus and was working under the international health regulations to provide information to Member States. The organization is also working with affected countries and international partners on global health response coordination, including through the provision of updated information on the situation, and give guidance to health authorities and health agencies on temporary surveillance recommendations, examination of cases in laboratories, infection control, clinical management, based on the current understanding of the new coronavirus, human infection of the disease. The Organization will continue to work with Member States and international partners in health and the sharing of updated information immediately available.

The Organization recommends that measures taken by countries?

The organization encourages all Member States to strengthen surveillance for severe acute respiratory infection and review any unusual patterns of infection or pneumonia. The Organization urges the Member States to notify any confirmed or probable infections new coronavirus, or verification. The current recommendations on surveillance by reference to the who Web site at the following address:
[].

Do you recommend any restrictions on travel or trade activities because of this new virus?

Both. The organization does not recommend any restrictions on travel or trade activities with respect to the new coronavirus, and will continue to review all recommendations by simply providing more information.

Sources:
• World Health Organization
● The Guinness book, King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz
 
 
 
 
 
 

Bacteria affect brain functions!

Bacteria affect brain functions!

Detection of researchers at the University of California at Los Angeles in the United States that changes in the diet of bacteria that live in our digestive system, may have significant effects on brain function, the researchers said these changes result from the actor which happens between bacteria.
It is noteworthy that the study showed that the brain is related to the gut by sending signals to it. However, this study shows the ability of the gut to send signals to the brain, and is the first study that shows the interaction between microorganisms and the brain in humans. And the results of the study have been verified through testing and making sure the results more than once.

Ducts for Brazil and Spain in the final of the Confederations Cup Brazil 2013




Ducts for Brazil and Spain in the final of the Confederations Cup Brazil 2013
The date and timing of the match between Brazil and Spain Confederations Cup final, date and time of the game Brazil and Spain final Confederations Cup Brazil 2013
Card game




Team Brazil vs Spain

The final of the Confederations Cup with Brazil

Ducts for Brazil and Spain live Confederations Cup
Al Jazeera Sports + 9

The date and timing of games Brazil and Spain Confederations Cup Championship final

On Sunday 30 June 2013

At 19.00 GMT

9 pm Cairo time

10 pm Mecca time



 Ducts to match Spain and Brazil over the Internet



 Click on this link to watch the game
 

Tuesday, June 18, 2013

Scary Monster found on the shores of New Zealand





In fact all broadcast media, including Fox News, the Agency found some people while roaming on a beach in New Zealand on decomposing to a terrifying monster.
As you can see in the video the Fox News that this monster has big sharp teeth and length 9 meters. Specialists say that this object may reveal other larger objects in the sea and belongs to a very old age.

Some say that this object is based on the presence of killer whale has fins. I say God knows best.












Monday, June 10, 2013

When flirting physicists







When flirting physicists

Thursday, June 6, 2013

The Moroccan team looks forward to beat Tanzania

The Moroccan team looks forward to beat Tanzania
.
 
 
.

Will win over Tanzania on Saturday in a match of the fourth round of the World Cup 2014 in Brazil is the only option and ultimate goal to revive some hope remaining to qualify to the final round of the World Cup next year, but those hopes have faded away but by some destitute.


Saturday is an opportunity for the players of the national team of Morocco with the public first and lost all confidence "because of the negative results, the opportunity for rehabilitation for Moroccan ball lost its luster and power and tarnished its image for some time.


If Morocco team has its destiny in hand through the remaining three games of the playoffs, win the whole fate remains pending, and eligibility for the age to be find leaders in Côte d'Ivoire, which departs for the Moroccan national team by five points as the difference in the third set, and check if it will be the last match for Côte d'Ivoire an arbiter between elected card qualify for the next round, and before that an elected Morocco must win in my wegamiba to revive his fortunes of Tanzania limited.


Morocco and Tanzania on three occasions, first in October of 2009 in Dar es Salaam in the 2012 African Cup qualifiers ended for black to without response from Mounir El Hamdaoui signed in the 43rd minute of the first half.


In the return match won by three goals to record each of marouane Chamakh in the 20th minute and Adel taarabt may swap Premiership in the 69th minute and Mubarak boussoufa 90 minute, register for Tanzania sadala minute 41.


And the third game of the 2014 World Cup qualifiers ended in favor of Tanzania with three goals to aim, and a record of Morocco Yusuf orabi 90 minute.


The African Union's next crew assigned to arbitration of South Africa led by international referee Daniel Bennett to help his countrymen streams zkiri range Saro, the fourth official is lawandil, while moviki will be watching the match Gabonese mangolo unfollow.


And Morocco and Tanzania match will take place on Saturday 8 January 2013 from 9 at night time the large stadium in Moroccan Marrakech.